A travelling microscope is a high-precision optical instrument used in Indian physics and engineering laboratories to measure small distances, diameters, and refractive indices with an accuracy typically of 0.01 mm. These instruments are widely manufactured in India, particularly in Ambala, which is a major hub for scientific equipment.
Key Features to Look For
- Base Stability: A heavy cast iron base with leveling screws is essential for preventing vibrations during measurement.
- Measurement Range: Most standard Indian models offer 15–20 cm horizontal travel and 10–15 cm vertical travel.
- Optics: Look for achromatic objectives and a Ramsden eyepiece (usually 10x) with cross-hair reticles for precise alignment.
- Least Count: Ensure the vernier scale allows for a resolution of at least 0.01 mm
- Measurement: It is utilized to measure the diameter of capillaries, crack growth, small liquid level changes, and refractive indices.
- Movement: The microscope features a Rack and Pinion system for focusing, along with horizontal and vertical scales (main scale + vernier scale) for movement tracking.
- Structure: It consists of an eyepiece and an objective lens, allowing for fine focusing on objects.
- Industries: Used in scientific labs, research, colleges, and material testing.
How to Use
- Leveling: The base of the microscope is leveled using leveling screws and a spirit level.
- Focusing: The microscope is focused on the object (e.g., a, capillary tube) until a clear image, along with the cross wire, is visible.
- Measurement: Readings are taken by moving the microscope, using the fine adjustment screw for precise positioning, noting the initial and final positions on the vertical or horizontal scale.
- Calculation: The difference between the readings gives the precise length, such as the actual thickness of a glass slab or diameter of a bore.
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