Key Features of Spencer Type Microtomes

• Precision Sectioning: Designed for cutting uniform serial sections typically ranging from 1 to 50 microns in thickness.
• Heavy Duty Build: Features a rigid, vibration-free construction to ensure stability during the sectioning of various tissue types.
• Manual Operation: Most Indian models are manual, relying on a balanced handwheel that provides smooth, continuous cutting.
• Safety & Adjustability: Includes a knife holder with adjustable angles (usually up to 10°) and a safety locking mechanism on the handwheel. 

• Feed System: Most modern versions use a “Cam Drive System”. With each revolution of the drive wheel, a feed pawl engages a ratchet wheel to advance the specimen in precise, uniform increments.
• Specimen Movement: Unlike sliding microtomes where the knife moves, in a Spencer rotary microtome, the knife remains stationary while the specimen moves vertically and forward.
• Automatic Safety: A safety device automatically disengages the feed mechanism when the maximum limit is reached to prevent jamming.

• Section Thickness: Typically adjustable from 1 to 50 microns in 1-micron steps.
• Feed Excursion: Total feed travel is usually around 28 mm.
• Knife Angle: Adjustable, often from 0 to 10 degrees (or up to 30 degrees on some models).
• Construction: Heavy cast iron base for vibration-free operation, often with a hinged protective cover for the internal gears.

• Universal Knife Holder: Allows for lateral movement so the entire length of the blade can be used before sharpening.
• Object Clamp: Typically a ball-and-flange or vice type that allows for flexible 360-degree orientation of the specimen.
• Handwheel Lock: A safety feature to lock the wheel during specimen or blade changes.

• Clinical Diagnostics: Pathology labs for disease identification.
• Research: Biological studies requiring detailed microscopic anatomy.
• Education: Training students in medical and scientific institutions.